It is intended to treat allergies or other conditions that may increase nasal congestion like the common cold. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that is found in medications like Sudafed. Products containing ephedrine are not legal to purchase in the United States. It is sold online in numerous forms as an energy enhancer, weight loss aid, or to increase concentration or cognition. The evidence that it was actually helpful with long-term weight loss was scant.ĭespite being banned by the FDA, there are herbal OTC products that may contain ephedrine. But the drug was banned in 2004 by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) because it led to significant cardiovascular problems, including an increased risk for heart attack.Įphedrine is similar in structure to amphetamines. EphedrineĮphedrine is a central nervous system stimulant that was frequently an ingredient in OTC diet medications in the past. There is the potential for brain damage as a result of seizures or due to chronic abuse of DXM. Blood pressure changes (hypertension or hypotension).The following are other adverse effects associated with abuse of DXM: The effects are dose-dependent, such that smaller amounts of DXM produce stimulation and higher doses produce hallucinations, dissociative effects (feeling as if you are leaving your body), and decreased motor coordination. High doses of DXM can produce euphoria, stimulation, and hallucinations.ĭXM products are sometimes combined with soda and consumed in large amounts. When taken in high doses or combined with alcohol or other drugs like ecstasy (MDMA), the effects can be significant and even dangerous. When taken in its normal recommended doses, the psychoactive effects of DXM are mild. The primary people who abuse DXM are adolescents looking for an easy way to get high. Dextromethorphanĭextromethorphan, or DXM, is an active ingredient in cough and cold medications like NyQuil and Robitussin. Caffeine or medications to induce wakefulnessĪbuse of these medications can result in potentially dangerous side effects, interactions with other substances or medications, and even the development of physical dependence. The following are the major categories of OTC medications that are abused: There are many different OTC products that are abused that are not medications, such as adhesives, spray paint, whipped cream canisters, and household cleaners. The abuse of OTC products is not limited to medications. Although OTC medications are less potent than prescription medications and carry fewer risks, many of these substances still carry a significant risk for abuse and even addiction. There is a misconception that because they are sold over the counter, they are safe to use in any amount, manner, or combination. When taken as directed, over-the-counter medications are usually safe.
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